¥The Biological Species Concept Reproductive isolation is the centerpiece of the BSC. Biological Species Concept (BSC) This is the species concept that many readers will have encountered and has the benefit of having a short, snappy definition. The Biological Species Concept is a way for scientists to define what a species is. This is used when species do not reproduce sexually, some are known only from fossils. Reproductive isolation is the failure of populations to interbreed or to form viable or fertile hybrids "a species is an array of populations which are actually or potentially interbreeding, and which are reproductively isolated from other such arays under natural conditions." The BSC was advanced by Ernst Mayr in 1942. Mayr is still active and has worked in many areas of biology, but his seminal work was on birds. The biological species is not "defined" by humans. Example : Many species of bacteria reproduce through asexual process (either by mere conjugation or binary fission) and are assigned to each species based on their chemical and structural characteristics.

Such a definition is called a species concept; there are at least 26 recognized species concepts. What is a species? The species problem is the set of questions that arises when biologists attempt to define what a species is.

It is how organisms behave, and scientists attempt to describe how organisms behave in nature as accurately as possibly. The definition of a species according to the biological species concept tends to be inapplicable in many cases in the biological world. The morphological species concept is applicable particularly to situations in which the potential for mating along with postzygotic barriers to reproduction – which together define the biological species concept – cannot easily be determined.

Many reptiles can successfully breed with other groups of animals that are obviously different species. This definition is the working definition used by biologists that cannot, or should not, use the “Biological Species Concept” In some cases, snakes have bred with snakes from other families successfully.

A species concept that works well for sexually reproducing organisms such as birds is useless for species that reproduce asexually, such as bacteria. While the biological species concept makes sense when trying to determine that an elephant and a mouse are different species, it fails to be a valid indicator among all species. Organisms are classified in the same species if they appear identical by morphological (anatomical) criteria.

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